Diabetes mellitus is a disease that worries a person throughout his life, it appears due to a complete or partial lack of pancreatic hormone - insulin. Insulin is a transporter of glucose into the cells of our body, to enrich the blood with nutrients and saturate the cells with energy.
Many people underestimate the importance of adhering to a diabetic diet. The disease is, in essence, caused by improper nutrition in turn resulting in metabolic disorders. It has been scientifically proven that it is foolish to deny that a diabetic diet is one of the right ways to fight the disease.
Hyperglycemia is a major pathogenetic stage in the development of diabetes mellitus, to avoid which should follow a diet. The basis of the diet for diabetes mellitus is an increase in protein intake, a decrease in carbohydrates in the daily diet, as well as fats, which are easily converted into carbohydrate components and their components, which complicate and exacerbate the disease. It turns out that by following simple and clear rules in nutrition, you can restore metabolism and blood glucose levels to normal.
How to eat with diabetes
For diabetics, the question is always important - what type of dietary therapy is needed for diabetes mellitus and how effective is it. The main food products should be dairy products, vegetables and fruits. Adequate meat intake is required. It is important to prevent the breakdown of proteins in the body and to monitor the maintenance of glycogen, the natural production of energy components of substances in our body. This directly depends on the daily food intake, high in protein, as well as trace elements, vitamins and minerals that saturate our body.
The importance of eating nuts for diabetes
Beans are one of the richest sources of protein and amino acids. A well -known variety is white kidney beans. It contains a large accumulation of non -essential and irreplaceable amino acids that cannot be synthesized in our body, and must be supplied with food sources, these are valine, tryptophan, leucine, methionine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, threonine. This product contains vitamins C, B, PP, potassium, zinc, iron and phosphorus.
Red beans are a legitimate food for diabetics and are rich in minerals and vitamins.
Beans contribute to the formation of gas in the intestines, which is a rather limiting factor in the consumption of large quantities. However, if enzyme preparations are used with the use of nuts, such undesirable properties can be avoided.
Cereals for diabetes mellitus
Keep in mind that one of the important aspects when following a diet is the consumption of buckwheat porridge. The originality of this grain is that it does not much affect the metabolism of carbohydrates in the body, and maintains glucose levels at a stable level, without impulsive increases, than other foods.
In addition to buckwheat, you should include oatmeal, oatmeal, pearl barley and corn in your diet, this will be an ideal breakfast for diabetics. Cereals are enriched with various compositions of vitamins and minerals necessary for our body to function well and stably, and also easily digested. An important factor is that the grains listed above are an excellent source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for filling muscle cells with energy.
Fruits to Eat for Diabetes Mellitus
Fruits are the main source of vitamins, minerals and fiber needed for the normal functioning of the human body. The concentration of these nutrients in this food group is several times higher than any other food source. An important feature is the almost complete absence of glucose, and the predominance of fructose and sucrose in the composition.
Citrus fruits are the most useful fruit for diabetics, characterized by a low glycemic index.
Let's see what fruits and berries should be included in the diet for diabetes.
From fruits:
- hand bomb;
- orange;
- dried fruits (prunes, dried apricots, dried apples);
- pear;
- tangerines;
- grapefruit;
- nectarine;
- lemon;
- apricot;
- Apple.
From berries:
- any kind of currant;
- gooseberry;
- blackberries;
- cherry;
- blue berries.
Melons and watermelons should be eaten in moderate and limited quantities, as these foods have a higher carbohydrate content.
Anyone with diabetes should pay more attention to fruits such as grapefruit, lemon, and tangerine for several reasons:
- rich vitamin C content. The importance of vitamin C for the human body should not be underestimated. It is scientifically proven that it is important to strengthen the walls of blood vessels, as well as the work of the enzyme system;
- one of the best qualities of citrus fruits is its low glycemic index. This is explained by the fact that the effect of the carbohydrate component in these fruits has very little effect on blood glucose levels;
- has strong antioxidant abilities that prevent the development of diabetic complications by stopping the negative effects of hyperglycemia on the cells of our body.
Fresh juice. Diabetic eating is not an excuse not to indulge!
A brief note on citrus juice. Try to avoid buying juices, even natural juices, in regular stores, as they contain carbohydrate and sugar components, this can lead to an increase in blood glucose levels. Your best bet is to buy fresh fruit and make juice from products that really grow naturally.
What not to eat with diabetes mellitus?
Every diabetic should know what not to eat with diabetes mellitus. If you consume all foods without exception, without knowing in advance about its glycemic index, this can lead to the progressive development of hyperglycemia with subsequent hyperglycemic coma.
The diabetic diet should not contain prohibited foods.
Flour and bread products:
- White bread, especially freshly baked goods;
- Any rich product;
- Puff pastry.
Meat and seafood products:
- Smoked products;
- Rich meat soup;
- Some bird meat (duck, goose);
- Fatty pork and beef;
- Fatty fish.
With diabetes, fatty and spicy meat products should be omitted in favor of dietary meats (in limited quantities).
Prohibited fruits and dried fruits in diabetes mellitus:
- bananas;
- Wine;
- date;
- Ara;
- Strawberry;
- raisins.
Dairy products:
- Fat sour cream;
- Whole milk;
- Kefir and yogurt with high fat content;
- Butter (especially homemade).
Vegetable dishes:
- potatoes;
- peas;
- Any citrus vegetables.
Other food products:
- sugar;
- candy;
- Butter biscuits;
- Fruit juice (store);
- Any food in a fast food establishment.
On the dangers and benefits of eating dates, coffee and honey for diabetics
It’s no exaggeration to say that everyone loves this product, and it’s hard to let go of this little joy of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we will analyze separately whether you can use it in your diet or not.
Dear
As they say, how many people, so many opinions. There are many articles published in magazines and various health blogs about the use of honey by diabetics. Try to think logically, in the structure of honey there is a high content of fructose, this carbohydrate is not able to significantly change the level of glucose in a person's blood. However, we can not ignore the fact that for the assimilation and metabolism of fructose we need insulin, which, for example, in type 2 diabetes, can not fully fulfill its purpose. Taking honey in this case will lead to an increase in glycemia in diabetics, in turn, it will not bring anything bad to healthy people.
Can honey be used for diabetes or not? There is constant debate, but it is unanimously accepted that 1 tablespoon on an empty stomach will not hurt, but will be useful.
Based on these facts, for diabetics, conclusions can be drawn:
- Honey, as a useful ingredient for the body, should be in the diet.
- Do not eat more than two tablespoons a day.
- For the best effect, it is best to eat a spoonful of honey on an empty stomach and drink with a glass of water. This is due to the fact that honey is converted into glycogen, and will serve as a starting point for energy generation and synthesis of useful substances in the body, working throughout the day. Often, small amounts of these products are still included in various dietary reminders for diabetes.
dates
A very controversial product to include in the diet for diabetes. They contain large amounts of calories and fast carbohydrates, however, they contain a lot of potassium and vitamin A, which serves as a bias for the complications of diabetes.
Based on these facts, it is recommended:
- Diabetics with this severe form of the disease are strictly prohibited from using dates.
- With mild forms of diabetes, corrected by adherence to hypoglycemic diet and medication, the use of small amounts is allowed, provided that the daily intake does not exceed 100 grams.
Diabetics are strongly advised to refuse coffee.
coffee
People with severe diabetes are strongly advised to avoid this product, regardless of coffee concentration. With the average form of severity of the disease, the consumption of a small amount of weak coffee is allowed.
Despite the fact that it has almost no effect on carbohydrate metabolism, coffee activates the vasomotor centers and relaxes the walls of blood vessels. As a result, the skeletal muscle channels, heart and kidneys expand, increasing the activity of cerebral arteries. Therefore, the diet for diabetics does not include coffee.
Nuts and their beneficial properties
Peanuts, without exaggeration, are just a "nesting place" of beneficial properties and necessary nutrients for our bodies. It includes vitamins D-3, K, Ca, fiber, and unsaturated fatty acids. In the fight against diabetes, nuts play an important role, directly affecting carbohydrate metabolism, lowering glycemic levels. In addition, the use of nuts helps restore damaged internal organ cells, stopping the development of diabetic complications. Therefore, the introduction of this product into the diet of a person with diabetes is important.
Let us consider separately the effects of different types of nuts on sugar reduction.
walnuts
We all know from childhood that this type of nut is food for the brain. The diet for diabetes should contain walnuts, this is one of the most important foods, because the brain lacks energy compounds due to insufficient intake of glucose into it.
Nutrient -rich walnuts must be present in the diet of diabetics.
Walnuts are rich in manganese, alpha-linolenic acid and zinc. These trace elements directly affect the lowering of blood sugar levels. Also included in the composition of essential fatty acids prevents the development of angiopathy of internal organs and the defeat of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities. An important role is played by the fact that walnuts do not contain carbohydrates, this is a simple answer to all questions about the role of walnuts. It can be eaten with diabetes as a separate meal or as a supplement.
groundnut
This is a nutritional product, especially rich in amino acid composition, and its protein is vegetable, therefore it can not be replaced by any protein of animal products. Therefore, peanuts must be included in breakfast, lunch or dinner for each day. The proteins found in peanuts are quickly incorporated into the body’s metabolism and broken down, producing high -density glycoproteins in the liver to reduce sugar. It "expels" cholesterol from the bloodstream and breaks it down.
Almonds
They have the largest amount of calcium in their composition. Almonds are highly recommended for developing diabetic osteoarthropathy that affects the bones and joints. Eating 10-13 almonds a day, you will provide the body with the necessary trace elements, they will have a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism. The diet for diabetes in adults should contain almonds.
pine nuts
Pine nuts are delicious in the first place. In addition, it contains large amounts of K, Ca, vitamins B and D, ascorbic acid, phosphorus and magnesium, it is needed if the goal is to eat properly. Pine nuts are used to prevent microangiopathy, inflammatory processes in the feet and ARVI in people with diabetic foot syndrome.
What you need to know about the glycemic index
The glycemic index is a measure of the effect of food after intake on blood sugar levels. Each product has its own glycemic index. If it is low (10-40 units), then the blood sugar level will rise slowly, if the index is high (more than 70 units), then quickly. In this case, every person with diabetes is only obliged to know the glycemic index of what he eats.
If you are unsure, we strongly recommend that you do not take risks, even if the disease is in its early stages. Because all foods with a high index must be stopped. Products with an average index (if they are not on the banned list), you only need to limit their use.
Diabetes brings a lot of discomfort to patients, but by following a proper diet and constantly monitoring blood sugar levels, you can lead a satisfying lifestyle.
The article provides basic recommendations on how to eat well in diabetes. Which diet is right for you? A certified specialist who knows the individual characteristics of your body will understand. He will create a diet that lowers sugar levels, adherence to which will help in the fight against dangerous diseases.
Eat right with diabetes, adjust the glycemic index of food, pay attention to all important aspects.
Be healthy!